THE EXCLUSIVE AND NON EXCLUSIVE MANGROVE SPECIES

Mangrove forests are typical of tropical and subtropical regions, where they replace the temperate salt- marshes. It has been estimated that around 75% of all sheltered tropical shores were at one time fringed with mangrove, a figure that suggests their tremendous importance. The indo-west pacific region has the world’s most extensive mangrove forests with by far the largest number of mangrove species. Mangrove forest extend as far as 320km (200 mi) inland in southern New Gueinea and some islands in Indonesia, where the influence of the tides extend far up estuaries.

There are 84 species recorded through out the whole region. From that number, only 48 species are the true Asian species (Matsubara, 2003) found in the indo-pacific region. From the whole species of 48, there is only 34 of it has been identified for its type: exclusive and non-exclusive. This is due to the lack of studies about the mangrove. From this, little information can be obtained.

Figure 1: Geographic distribution of mangroves forest

Table1: The type and gegraphical region found of mangrove species

No	Mangrove sp.	Region Found						Type
		1	2	3	4	5	6	Exclusive	Non-Exclusive
1	Acrostichum aureum	+	+	+	+	+	+		√
2	Acrostichum danaeifolium	+	+						√
3	Acrostichum speciosum					+	+		√
4	Acanthus ebrecteatus					+	+	√
5	Acanthus illicifolius					+	+	√
6	Aegiceras corniculatum					+	+	√
7	Avicennia alba					+	+	√
8	Avicennia germinans	+	+	+				√
9	Avicennia marina				+	+	+	√
10	Barringtonia racemosa				+	+	+		√
11	Brownlowia argentata					+	+		√
12	Brownlowia tersa					+			√
13	Brugueira cylindrica					+	+	√
14	Brugueira gymnorhiza				+	+	+	√
15	Brugueira parviflora					+	+	√
16	Brugueira sexangula					+	+	√
17	Ceriops decandra					+	+	√
18	Cerbera floribunda						+		√
19	Cerbera manghas					+	+		√
20	Clerodendrum inerme				+	+	+		√
21	Exoecaria agallocha				+	+	+		√
23	Heriteria littoralis				+	+	+		√
24	Hibiscus tiliaceus	+	+	+	+	+	+		√
25	Kandelia candel					+		√
26	Lumnitzera racemosa				+	+	+	√
27	Lumnitzera littorea					+	+	√
28	Nypa fructicans		+	+		+	+	√
29	Pemphis acidula				+	+	+		√
30	Rhizophora mucronata					+	+	√
31	Rhizophora apiculata				+	+	+	√
32	Scyphihora hydrophyllacea				+	+		√
33	Soneratia alba				+	+	+	√
34	Soneratia caseolaris					+	+	√
35	Soneratia ovata					+	+	√
36	Thespesia populnea	+	+	+	+	+	+		√
37	Xylocarpus moluccensis				+	+	+		√
38	Xylocarpus granatum				+	+	+	√

From the data, the most abundance of mangrove community is obtained by region five which is the indo-pacific; while the mangrove species are compose of many of associatetype than non-associate. The most abundant species is Thespesia populnea, Hibiscus tiliaceus and Acrostichum aureum which is all is non- exclusive type of mangrove.

References:

Castro, P. and Huber, M.E.2007. Marine Biology, 6^th Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 460pp.

Matsubara,J.2003. The role of the mangrove in a coast ecosystem,APEC 2003 Sister School Networking in Thailand.